Rolling bearings are precision mechanical components that convert sliding friction between a rotating shaft and its housing into rolling friction, thereby reducing frictional losses. Rolling bearings generally consist of four parts: the inner race, the outer race, the rolling elements, and the cage. The inner race is designed to mate with the shaft and rotate together with it. The outer race is designed to mate with the bearing housing and provide support. The rolling elements are evenly distributed between the inner and outer races by the cage, and their shape, size, and quantity directly affect the performance and lifespan of the rolling bearing. The cage enables the rolling elements to be evenly distributed, guides their rotation, and provides lubrication
