Self-aligning ball bearings, also known as self-aligning ball bearings, are rolling bearings with spherical outer ring raceways. They possess the ability to automatically align, compensating for errors caused by shaft deflection or misalignment of the supporting seat hole, allowing the relative inclination of the inner and outer rings to not exceed 3 degrees [7-8]. Their structure includes two types: cylindrical bores and conical bores. The cage materials are divided into steel plate stamped and synthetic resin molded types. The main models cover the miniature series (10x, 12x, 13x) and the general series (12xx, 13xx, 22xx, 23xx) [3] [7]. These bearings can withstand large radial loads and certain axial loads, but are not suitable for pure axial load conditions [5] [7]. Models with dust covers or seals are pre-filled with lubricating grease during assembly, suitable for temperatures ranging from -30°C to +120°C, and do not require heating or cleaning before installation [3] [8]. According to the structure, they can be divided into Type C (with steel plate stamped cage) without inner ring ribs and Type CA (with machined solid cage) with inner ring double ribs. The latter is suitable for heavy or vibrating load environments [3] [7]. They are mainly used in papermaking machinery, textile machinery, automobiles, mining equipment, and precision instruments
